INDEX
Blood
Bone -Cancellous
Bone -Cortical
Bone -Marrow
Breast Fat
Colon
Cornea
Eye Tissues
Fat
Grey Matter
Heart
Kidney
Lens Cortex
Lens Nucleus
Liver
Lung -Deflated
Lung -Inflated
Muscle
Pancreas
Skin -Dry
Skin -Wet
Spleen
Stomach
Vitreous Humour
White Matter
References Cited
1. Alison, J.M. and Sheppard, R.J., 1993, Dielectric
properties of human blood at microwave frequencies, Physics in Medicine
and Biology, 38, 7, 971-978.
2. Astbury, J.C., Goldschmidt, M.H., Evans, S.M.,
Niebauer, G.W. and Foster, K.R., 1988, The dielectric properties of canine
normal and neoplastic splenic tissues, IEEE, 107-108.
3. Bhattacherjee, A. B., Chaudhury, K. and Bajaj,
M. M., 1995, The dielectric parameters of skin tissues and their change
during thermal burn injuries between 1 and 100 MHz, Physica Medica, 11,
1, 27-32.
4. Bodakian, B. and Hart, F. X., 1994, The dielectric
properties of meat, IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation,
1, 2, 181-187.
5. Burdette, E. C., Cain, F. L. and Seals, J., 1980,
In vivo probe measurement technique for determining dielectric properties
at VHF through Microwave frequencies, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory
and Techniques, MTT28, 4, 414-427.
6. Burdette, E. C., Friederich, P. G., Seaman, R.
L. and Larsen, L. E., 1986, In situ Permittivity of Canine Brain: Regional
Variations and Postmortem Changes, IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory
and Techniques, MTT34, 1, 38-49.
7. Cook, H., 1952, A comparison of the dielectric
behaviour of pure water and human blood at microwave frequencies., British
Journal of Applied Physics, 3, 249-255.
8. Cook, H.F., 1951, The dielectric behaviour of some
types of human tissues at microwave frequencies., British Journal of Applied
Physics, 2, 295-300.
9. de Mercato, G. and Garcia-Sanchez, F. J., 1988,
Dielectric properties of fluid-saturated bone: A comparison between diaphysis
and epiphysis, Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, 26, 3,
313-316.
10. de Mercato, G. and Garcia-Sanchez, F. J., 1992,
Correlation between low-frequency electric conductivity and permittivity
in the diaphysis of bovine femoral bone, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical
Engineering, 39, 5, 523-526.
11. Duck, F. A., 1990, Physical properties of tissue:A
comprehensive reference book, Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich,
Publishers.
12. Durney, C.H., Massoudi, H. and Iskander, M.F.,
1986, Radiofrequency radiation dosimetry handbook, Brooks Air Force Base-
USAFSAM-TR-85-73.
13. Edrich, J. and Hardee, P.C., 1976, Complex permittivity
and penetration depth of muscle and fat tissues between 40 and 90 GHz,
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 273-275.
14. England, T. S., 1950, Dielectric Properties of
the Human Body for Wavelengths in the 1-10 cm range, Nature, 166, 480-481.
15. Epstein, B. R. and Foster, K. R., 1983, Anisotropy
in the dielecric properties of skeletal muscle, Medical and Biological
Engineering and Computing, 21, 51-55.
16. Foster, K. R. and Schwan, H. P., 1989, Dielectric
properties of tissues and biological materials: A critical review, Critical
Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 17, 1, 25-104.
17. Gabriel, C., Chan, T. Y. A. and Grant, E. H.,
1994, Admittance models for open ended coaxial probes and their place in
dielectric spectroscopy, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 39, 12, 2183-2200.
18. Gabriel, C., Grant, E.H. and Young, I.R., 1986,
Use of time domain spectroscopy for measuring dielectric properties with
a coaxial probe, Phys. E. Sci., Instrum., 19, 843.
19. Gabriel, C., Sheppard, R. J. and Grant, E. H.,
1983, Dielectric properties of ocular tissues at 37 degC, Physics in Medicine
and Biology, 28, 43-49.
20. Gabriel, S., Lau, R. W. and Gabriel, C., 1995,
The Dielectric Properties of Biological Tissues: 2. Measurements in the
frequency range 10 Hz to 20 GHz, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 41, 11,
2251-2269.
21. Gabriel, S., Lau, R. W. and Gabriel, C., 1995,
The Dielectric Properties of Biological Tissues: 3. Models for the frequency
dependence, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 41, 11, 2271-2293.
22. Geddes, L. A. and Barker, L. E., 1967, The specific
resistance of biological material - a compendium of data for the biomedical
engineer and physiologist., Medical and Biological Engineering, 5, 271-293.
23. Gielen, F. L. H., Wallinga-de Jonge, W. and Boon,
K. L., 1984, Electrical conductivity of skeletal muscle tissue: Experimental
results from different muscles in vivo, Medical and Biological Engineering,
22, 569-577.
24. Grant, J. P., Clarke, R. N., Symm, G. T. and Spyrou,
N. M., 1988, In vivo dielectric properties of human skin from 50 MHz to
2.0 GHz, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 33, 5, 607-612.
25. Hahn, G. M., Kernahan, P., Martinez, A., Pounds,
D. and Prionas, S., 1980, Some heat transfer problems associated with heating
by ultrasound, microwaves or radio frequency, Annals of the New York Academy
of Sciences, 327-345.
26. Hart, F. X. and Dunfee, W. R., 1993, In vivo measurement
of the low-frequency dielectric spectra of frog skeletal muscle, Physics
in Medicine and Biology, 38, 1099-1112.
27. Joines, W. T., Jirtle, R. L., Rafal, M. D. and
Schaefer, D. J., 1980, Microwave power absorption differences between normal
and malignant tissue., Radiation Oncology in Biology Physics, 6, 681-687.
28. Joines, W.T., Zhang, Y., Li, C. and Jirtle, R.L.,
1994, The measured electrical properties of normal and malignant human
tissues from 50 to 900 MHz, Medical Physics, 21, 4, 547-550.
29. Kosterich, J. D., Foster, K. R. and Pollack, S.
R., 1983, Dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity of fluid
saturated bone, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 30, 2, 81-86.
30. Kraszewski, A., Stuchly, S. S., Stuchly, M. A.
and Smith, A. M., 1982, In vivo and in vitro dielectric properties on animal
tissues at radio frequencies., Bioelectromagnetics, 3, 421-432.
31. Kyber, J.; Hangsen, H. and Piquett, F., 1992,
Dielectric properties of biological tissue at low temperatures demonstrated
on fatty tissue, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 37, 8, 1675-1688.
32. Land, D.V. and Campbell, A.M., 1992, A quick accurate
method for measuring the microwave dielectric properties of small tissue
samples, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 37, 1, 183-192.
33. Osswald, K., 1937, Messung der Leitfahigkeit und
Dielektrizitatkonstante biologischer Gewebe und Flussigkeiten bei kurzen
Wellen, Hochfrequenz Tech Elektroakustik, 49, 40-50.
34. Pethig, R., 1984, Dielectric properties of biologicl
materials: Biophysical and medical applications., IEEE transactions on
electrical insulation., EI-19, 5, 453-473.
35. Pethig, R. and Kell, D. B., 1987, The Passive
electrical properties of biological systems: their significance in physiology,
biophysics, and biotechnology, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 32, 8,
933-970.
36. Pfutzner, H., 1984, Dielectric analysis of blood
by means of a raster-electrode technique, Medical and Biological Engineering
and Computing, 22, 2, 142-146.
37. Reddy, G. N. and Saha, S., 1984, Electrical and
Dielectric Properties of Wet Bone as a function of frequency, IEEE Transactions
on Biomedical Engineering, 31, 3, 296-302.
38. Rigaud, B., Hamzaoui, L., Chauveau, N., Granie,
M., Di Rinaldi, J. S. and Morucci, J., 1994, Tissue characterization by
impedance: A multifrequency approach, Physiological Measurements, 15, A13-A20.
39. Saha, S. and Williams, P. A., 1989, Electric and
dielectric properties of wet human cancellous bone as a function of frequency,
Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 17, 2, 143-158.
40. Schwan, H. P., 1955, Application of UHF impedance
measuring techniques in biophysics, IRE Transactions on Instrumentation,
PGI4, 75-83.
41. Schwan, H. P., 1956, Electrical properties measured
with alternating currents; body tissues., In W. S. Spector (ed.) Handbook
of Biological Data, Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co.
42. Schwan, H. P., 1957, Electrical properties of
tissues and cell suspensions., Advanced Physics in Medicine and Biology,
5, 147-209.
43. Schwan, H. P., 1958, Microwave absorption characteristics
of body tissues, presented at the Second Tri-Service Conference, July 1958.
44. Schwan, H. P., 1963, Electrical characteristics
of tissues: A survey., Biophysik, 1, 198-208.
45. Schwan, H. P. and Foster, K. R., 1977, Microwave
dielectric properties of tissue. Some comments on the rotational mobility
of tissue water, Biophysical Journal, 17, 193-197.
46. Schwan, H. P. and Foster, K. R., 1980, RF-Field
interactions with biological systems: Electrical properties and biophysical
mechanisms., Proceedings of the IEEE, 68, 1, 104-113.
47. Schwan, H.P. and Kay, C.F., 1957, Capacitive properties
of body tissues, Circulation Research, 5, 439-443.
48. Schwartz, J.L. and Mealing, G.A.R., 1985, Dielectric
properties of frog tissues in vivo and in vitro, Physics in Medicine and
Biology, 30, 2, 117-124.
49. Smith, S. R., and Foster, K. R., 1985, Dielectric
properties of low-water-content tissues, Physics in Medicine and Biology,
30, 9, 965-973.
50. Smith, S. R., Foster, R. and Wolf, G. L., 1986,
Dielectric properties of VX-2 Carcinoma versus normal liver tissue, IEEE
Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 33, 5, 522-524.
51. Steel, M. C. and Sheppard, R. J., 1985, Dielectric
properties of mammalian brain tissue between 1 and 18 GHz., Physics in
Medicine and Biology, 30, 7, 621-630.
52. Steel, M. C. and Sheppard, R. J., 1986, Dielectric
properties of lens tissue at microwave frequency, Bioelectromagnetics,
7, 73-81.
53. Stoy, D., Foster, K. R. and Schwan, H. P., 1982,
Dielectric properties of mammalian tissues from 0.1 to 100MHz: a summary
of recent data, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 27, 4, 501-513.
54. Stuchley, M. A. , et al., 1981, Dielectric properties
of animal tissues in vivoat frequencies 10MHz-1GHz, Bioelectromagnetics,
1, 93-103.
55. Stuchly, M. A. and Stuchly, S. S., 1980, Dielectric
properties of biological substances - tabulated, Journal of Microwave Power,
15, 1, 19-26.
56. Surowiec, A. J., Stuchly, S. S., Keaney, M. and
Swarup, A., 1987, Dielectric polarization of animal lung at radio frequencies,
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 34, 1, 62-67.
57. Surowiec, A. J., Stuchly, S. S., Keaney, M.
and Swarup, A., 1986, In vivo and in vitro dielectric of feline tissues
at low radio frequencies, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 31, 8, 901-909.
58. Surowiec, A., Stuchly, S. and Swarup, A., 1986,
Postmortem changes of the dielectric properties of bovine brain tissues
at low radiofrequencies, Bioelectromagnetics, 7, 31-43.
59. Surowiec, A., Stuchly, S. S. and Swarup, A., 1985,
Radiofrequency dielectric properties of animal tissues as a function of
time following death, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 30, 10, 1131-1141.
60. Surowiec, A., Stuchly, S. S., Eidus, L. and Swarup,
A., 1987, In vitro dielectric properties of human tissues at radiofrequencies,
Physics in Medicine and Biology, 32, 5, 615-621.
61. Surowiec, A., Stuchly, S. S., Keaney, M. and Swarup,
A., 1986, In vivo and in vitro dielectric properties of feline tissues
at low radiofrequencies, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 31, 8, 901-909.
62. Tamura, T., Tenhunen, M., Lahtinen, T., Repo,
T. and Schwan, H. P., 1994, Modelling of the dielectric properties of normal
and irradiated skin, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 39, 6, 927-936.
63. Thurai, M., Goodridge, V. D., Sheppard, R. J.
and Grant, E. H., 1984, Variation with age of the dielectric properties
of mouse brain cerebrum, Physics in Medicine and Biology, 29, 9, 1133-1136.
64. Thurai, M., Steel, M. C., Sheppard, R. J. and
Grant, E. H., 1985, Dielectric properties of developing rabbit brain at
37 degC, Bioelectromagnetics, 6, 235-242.
65. Wei, Yan-Zen, Chiang, Ping, and Sridhar, S., 1992,
Ion size effects on the dynamic and static properties of aqueous alkali
solutions., Journal of Chemistry in Physics, 96, 6, 4569.
66. Xu, D., Liu, L. and Jiang, Z., 1987, Measurement
of the Dielectric Properties of Biological Substances Using an Improved
Open-ended Coaxial Line Resonator method, IEEE Transactions on Microwave
Theory and Techniques, MTT35, 12, 1424-1428.
67. Yamamoto, T. and Yamamoto, Y., 1976, Electrical
properties of the epidermal stratum corneum, Medical and Biological Engineering,
151-158.
TITLE
PAGE: Links and information.
REPORT:
The Dielectric Properties of Body Tissues
APPENDIX
A: Experimental data.
APPENDIX
B2: Literature Survey. (Data)
APPENDIX
C: Modelling the frequency dependence of the dielectric properties to a
4 dispersions spectrum.
APPENDIX
D: Tabulation of the experimental data referred to in Appendix C.